How to lower the frequency of an Nvidia video card?

How to check the frame rate of a video card?

How to Check AMD GPU Frame Rate

On your desktop, right-click on any empty space and open AMD Radeon Settings.
At the bottom, click on the preferences tab.
Make sure you check the Show Overlay box. ...
After enabling Radeon Overlay, select FRTC.

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Temperatures are the main driver of overclocking

How to determine the optimal temperature of a video card? It’s simple; in the specifications, among other things, the manufacturer indicates the maximum temperature at which the device can operate.

If you bought a GTX 1060 secondhand, then immediately check the thermal paste under the cover. This issue is not even discussed. On the used market, 90% of video cards need to replace thermal paste.

Make sure you have good thermal paste. For example it could be GD 900 or MX400 Arktic . These are the most popular thermal pastes for CPUs and GPUs today.

Depending on the type of fan and its design, the maximum temperature can vary greatly for the GTX 1060.

Using the GTX 1060 video card from Asus as an example. Her maximum temperature threshold is 94 degrees .

This means that during testing after overclocking, the temperature of the chip should not exceed the maximum value specified by the manufacturer.

Q: What elements can be included in the power system:

A: Here is a list of the main elements:

PWM controller. The main element of the power system. It is he who determines the maximum possible number of phases, but not all of them will necessarily be used. The same controller can be used on different models, but with different numbers of phases involved. As an example, I will give the 4-phase Primarion PX3544, which is used on the GeForce 8800 GT (2 phases), GeForce 8800 GTS 512 Mb (3 phases) and GeForce 9800 GTX (all 4 phases) video cards.
Chokes (inductors).
Capacitors.
Mosfets (MOSFETs).
Drivers. They can be implemented either as separate chips or integrated into a voltage controller, a DrMOS chip, or even a phase doubling chip. The number of drivers cannot be less than the number of real phases.
DrMOS chips. They are an assembly of a pair of mosfets (lower + upper) and a driver in one housing. Manufactured by Renesas Electronics, Fairchild Semiconductors, Vishay Siliconix and Infineon Technologies. Used on MSI and (more recently - Gigabyte) motherboards. It can also be found on some reference video cards from NVIDIA and ATI, for example on the GeForce GTX295 (Single PCB) and Radeon HD4770.
Phase Doublers with integrated drivers. So far I have only come across Intersil ISL6611A and uPI Semiconductor uP6284, which make two from one phase, thus overcoming the voltage controller limitation on the number of maximum supported phases.

Q: What mistakes do review authors make when describing power systems?

Instead of trying to understand the power system on their own, they simply copy information from the “reviewers guide”, from press releases, from the manufacturer’s website, from other reviews, which does not always correspond to reality.
Lately, one can increasingly come across phrases like “the power system is built according to the X+Y scheme” or even “X+Y+Z”. This leads to confusion for readers. First, they read a review of a video card, where the voltage on the GPU is added to the voltage on the memory, and then, reading a review of the motherboard, they think that there the memory is also added to the Vcore voltage, and not the voltage on the memory controller built into the processor. To avoid confusion, it is better to indicate separately which voltages each phase belongs to. The only case when it is appropriate to indicate the type “X+Y” is when both voltages are controlled by the same controller (for example, in power systems for AMD processors on motherboards for Socket AM3/AM2+).
They think that the north bridge power system must be next to the north bridge, and the memory power system must be next to the memory slots, etc. It is not always so. Yes, the shorter the length of the conductors from the power supply system to the powered element, the better. But space on the PCB is limited, and with the current very high density of components, it is not always possible to place everything you need nearby. The north bridge power supply system can be located, for example, between the south bridge and the memory slots, and next to the north bridge you can often find the power supply system for the built-in memory controller in the processor.
They do not use a multimeter to check their assumptions about whether the elements of the power system belong to a particular voltage. In some cases, without a multimeter, it can be quite difficult to correctly determine the number of phases used. For example, when the voltage controller supports up to 3 phases and we see 3 chokes on the board, and when measuring with a multimeter it turns out that there are still two phases, because the third inductor is at the input voltage (+12V VCC).

Q: What are real and virtual phases? What are the different implementations of virtual power phases?

A: The actual number of phases determines the operating mode of the voltage controller. Phases can be considered virtual if there are more of them than the maximum supported by the voltage controller used.

Power systems according to the degree of “virtuality” of phases can be divided into three types:

1. Traditional type, that is, without virtual phases. The number of phases in the power controller is equal to the number of drivers, as well as the number of chokes and pairs of mosfets. Everything here is fair and transparent.

2. Parallel connection of virtual phases. The number of phases in the power controller is equal to the number of drivers, but for each real phase there is an increased number of chokes and mosfets connected in parallel. The use of a parallel connection can be monitored by checking the continuity of the gates of the mosfets with each other. Example: Gigabyte 24-phase motherboards, excluding GA-X58A-UD9.

3. The virtual phases are not connected in parallel, but are each controlled by its own driver. But the actual number of phases supported by the voltage controller is still less than the number of drivers. In this case, testing the gates of mosfets will not show anything. Example: MSI Big Band XPower, MSI R5870 Lightning, MSI N480GTX Lightning

Q: What is LDO?

A: Low-dropout (LDO) regulator is a microcircuit that lowers the voltage to the desired level without using power phases. It is used to generate supply voltage for components that are not very demanding on power quality and do not consume high current. Often used on motherboards to power south bridges and on video cards for PCI-E Voltage (Vpcie, also known as PEXVDD).

How to remove the impeller from a processor cooler?

In order to remove it, you need to pry the plug by the edge with a sharp tool and remove it. This is easy to do, since the plug is simply inserted with tension. The impeller in the cooler body is held in place by a flat plastic split washer fixed in the groove of the axle.

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Q: How to correctly determine the number of phases used?

A: First, you need to determine what voltage the power supply system elements located on the board belong to. If in doubt, you can use a multimeter to measure the voltage at the inductors. We remember the number of chokes related to the voltage we need, excluding from them those that are at the input voltage (usually this is one of the power supply lines - +12V/+5V/+3.3V). Next, not far from them we find a voltage controller microcircuit. By marking the controller we determine the manufacturer and model. We are looking for information about this controller. First, of course, you should look for the latest version of the datasheet on the manufacturer’s website, or at least a page with a brief description, pinout and wiring diagram. If you can’t find the model you need, try searching by markings without letter suffixes (that is, without “A”, “B”, “CRZ”, “CBZ”, etc. at the end of the marking). Different variations of the same controller do not always differ significantly from each other. But often one common file with documentation is created and posted for them. There are also archives with datasheets online, including those that have been removed from manufacturers’ websites.

After we find out the maximum number of phases supported by the controller, we compare it with the number of chokes determined earlier. If this number matches, then with a high degree of probability the power system is implemented without virtual phases and the number of chokes is equal to the number of phases. But there may be exceptions - for example, if only half of the possible phases of the controller are involved, but two chokes are installed for each phase (I have not yet encountered such options, but theoretically they are also possible). If there are fewer chokes than the number of controller phases, this means that not all controller phases have been used and the number of phases is equal to the number of chokes. If there are more chokes (2 or even 3 times) than the voltage controller supports, then we have an option with virtual phases. In this case, the number of real phases is determined by the voltage controller, and the number of virtual phases is determined by the chokes.

The most difficult thing is when there is no freely available information on the voltage controller. In this case, its characteristics can only be judged by indirect signs. But even in this case, you can try to determine the number of phases by the number of drivers. You just need to take into account that the drivers exist as single-channel (control only one pair of mosfets) and dual-channel (control two pairs of mosfets at once). Two-channel drivers are half as large as single-channel ones to ensure operation of the same number of phases.

If the power system is based on a controller manufactured by Intersil or uPI Semiconductor, you can try the ISL6611A or uP6284 chips used for phase doubling. Six such microcircuits in combination with a 6-phase controller make it possible to obtain 12 independent phases in the power system, without using a parallel connection.

Checking your video card for gaming performance

Heaven is a comparison tool, the best way to test your new graphics card and test it in game! Fire up a resource-intensive, system-intensive game that's really graphically heavy, like Battlefield 3, Skyrim, or Crysis 3, and see how it works. Try to find a level that has a lot more going on because it puts a lot of stress on the GPU. If there are no problems, then the overclocking was successful.

Nvidia GTX 1050, 1060, 1070 and 1080 video cards, as well as new RTX series models, are distinguished by ease of mining setup, stable operation and good hashrate.

To achieve higher profitability of cryptocurrency mining by reducing electricity consumption, as well as reducing wear on video cards from overheating and running coolers at high speeds, it is advisable to downvolt the GPU core.

This is especially important when mining on the Ethash algorithm (used by Ether, Ether Classic, UBIQ, Metaverse, Expanse and many other coins).

Overclocking

It's time to accelerate, let's move on to practice.

First of all, we work with the MSI Afterburner . the Power Limit slider . Raise the slider to 109%. This setting will allow our GTX 1060 graphics card to run at higher frequencies.

Fan Speed (fan rotation speed) is set to 60%.

Apply the settings with the Apply .

Before the next step, check whether the Apply settings when operating system starts option (at the very bottom) is unchecked. If something doesn't go according to plan, we can simply restart Windows and all settings will return to their original state.

The second stage of overclocking is working with the Memory Clock . Add ~40 MHz to the original value, save the settings with the Apply button and run the test in FurMark for at least 10 minutes. If the card shows itself stable, no errors have appeared, repeat the procedure and add another Memory Clock.

As soon as errors, artifacts and other deviations from normal operation begin to appear, take a step back in the settings and save the value. This is the card's limit for the Memory Clock overclocking parameter.

Next, we work with the frequency of the graphics core Core Clock . Step by step, add +20 MHz on the slider and test in the donut.